I’m guessing that Samuel Butler is the same Samuel Butler "whose 1872 novel Erewhon depicted a people who had destroyed machines for fear they would be out-evolved by them."

The above quote is from the Dune Wiki article on the Butlerian Jihad:

https://dune.fandom.com/wiki/Butlerian_Jihad

The Butlerian Jihad in the Dune novels had taken place about 4,000 years before the events in the original novel Dune, and was a revolt against A.I. machines that had taken over many human-colonized planets throughout our galaxy. After the success of the Jihad in destroying the last of the thinking machines, such machines and computers were thenceforth banned throughout the galaxy.

The novel Dune did not make it clear where the name Butlerian came from, but it has since been assumed that it came from Samuel Butler.