Lately, my mind has wandered into the very puzzling world of plasma physics. Some plasma seems to act as if it is alive, while other plasmas are inert.

~NightSky

One such study can be found here:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377077692_Extraterrestrial_Life_in_Space_Plasmas_in_the_Thermosphere_UAP_Pre-Life_Fourth_State_of_Matter

Snip
Plasmas up to a kilometer in size and behaving similarly to multicellular organisms have been filmed on 10 separate NASA space shuttle missions, over 200 miles above Earth within the thermosphere. These self-illuminated “plasmas” are attracted to and may “feed on” electromagnetic radiation. Some have been filmed diving into the upper clouds of thunderstorms.
End Snip

___________

by Edwin O.
10/08/2024

Snip of article on Photonic Speed

Laser scientists from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California and the University of Rochester in New York have made this discovery, enabling new opportunities for advancing laser technology and plasma physics.
Understanding how group velocity controls light’s speed in different conditions

The research team looked into controlling the group velocity of light pulses – in other words, the speed at which light energy moves through a material. However, group velocity does not have to be a fixed value, as photons travel at a constant speed to make a classically plausible picture.

Still, the speed depends on certain electromagnetic factors of the local neighborhood. In other words, to add or remove the group velocity dispersion, the researchers exposed hot Plasma, made of charged particles such as hydrogen and helium ions, to the light pulses.

This step removes electrons from these ions by changing the fields’ electromagnetic nature in the Plasma. Such a manipulation enabled the researchers to control the speed of the light pulses and gain results from one-tenth of the light’s speed in a vacuum to speeds faster than 30 percent. However, as you can see, this acceleration is more than impressive, but still, it is essential to remember that each of the photons continues to possess a certain speed.

Studying these effects enhances knowledge of plasma physics and imposes additional requirements on the existing models. The knowledge of matter also helps explain the interaction between light and charged particles, pushing electromagnetism knowledge to a new level.
New possibilities for stronger and longer-lasting laser technology through Plasma

The findings of this research are not confined strictly to theoretical physics alone; they offer great potential for laser technology. Manstandardon solid-state lasers tend to be damaged at higher energy levels, making them less effective. The use of plasma streams to amplify light and modify the characteristics of the laser light makes the lasers more effective and less likely to be damaged.

This capability is critical in accelerators where high-power density lasers are needed for experiments and applications. Furthermore, efficient lasers are vital for advancing clean fusion, which has the potential to offer revolutionary energy solutions. Further studies into the optical properties of Plasma can pave the way for new technologies that can change the current state of energy creation, scientific exploration, and even health science.

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/plasma-light-group-velocity/7270/