Icon 1 posted 09-18-2015 09:52 AM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote GRAPEFRUIT SEED EXTRACT- citrus x paradisi, family Rutaceae
Grapefruit seed extract has both spirochete killing power and quorum sensing inhibition power. Grapefruit is of the family Rutaceae. The antimicrobial properties of grapefruit seed extract and pulp were discovered in 1972 by Jacob Harish, a physicist and immunologist, as a result of his curiosity about the bitterness of grapefruit seeds.

Scientific evidence for the spirocheticidal properties of GSE can be found in this scientific paper by the Brorson cousins:

"Grapefruit Seed Extract is a Powerful in vitro Agent Against Motile and Cystic Forms of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato,"BY O. Brorson and S.H. Brorson
LINK: http://tinyurl.com/ol5jpvc

"When the susceptibility testing for mobile spirochetes was performed in distilled water, the rate of conversion was strongly dependent on the GSE concentration.
After incubation for 1 h at 34 degrees C the number of spirochetes converted to cysts ranged from none at GSE concentration of 0.165%--0.0052%, 10% at 0.0028%, 20% at 0.0013%, 95% at 0.00064%, and > 95% in the control when examined in DFM.
By TEM, the dilution of 0.0013% showed a very few cysts; the dilution of 0.00064% showed many normal cysts but not as many as in the control. Susceptibility testing of normal mobile borrelia exposed to GSE at 34 degrees C for 1 h revealed motile bacteria at concentrations ≤ 0.01%.
-------
In addition to killing spirochetes, Grapefruit Seed Extract also inhibits quorum sensing, which is a key mechanism of biofilm growth:

"Plant-Derived Natural Products as Sources of Anti-Quorum Sensing Compounds" by Chong-Lek Koh,1 Choon-Kook Sam,1 Wai-Fong Yin,2 Li Ying Tan,2 Thiba Krishnan,2 Yee Meng Chong,2 and Kok-Gan Chan2,*

LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3690052/

".....grapefruit extract also contains some bioactive compounds such as furocoumarins, carotenoids, limonoids, pectin and coumarin that have antibacterial and antifungal activities [55]. Furocoumarins were shown to have strong inhibition against both AI-1 and AI-2 activities, as well as hinder the formation of biofilm in E. coli, S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa."

-------------
According to The Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine, Volume 5, No. 3, USA, 1990, an international research team examined the effect of GSE on 770 strains of bacteria and 93 strains of fungus and compared this with 30 effective antibiotics and 18 proven fungicides. GSE was found to perform as well as any and all of the tested agents.

---------------------
Bio Research Laboratories of Redmond, Washington, USA, tested GSE, a commercial chlorine bleach, and colloidal silver against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus faecium, and E. coli. GSE proved superior and the test report concluded:

"All microorganisms tested were inhibited with moderate levels of GSE liquid disinfectant. High levels of chlorine bleach inhibited the test organisms, but moderate levels were not effective. Because the GSE liquid was inhibitory at much lower levels, it may be assumed that it is ten to one hundred times more effective than chlorine against the organisms used in this study. On average, GSE proved to be ten times more effective than the colloidal silver."
----------------
At the University of Georgia, tests were conducted to evaluate Grapefruit Seed Extract (GSE) as a disinfectant in tests against E. Coli, Salmonella sps., and Staph aureus. According to Roger Wyatt, Ph.D., and Microbiologist for the university, "Our studies indicate excellent potential for these products (GSE). ...The toxicological that I have reviewed indicated that this product and the active ingredient poses very low toxicity. As you know this is important because most disinfectants that are currently used in either animal or human environments have moderate to high toxicity and extreme care must be exercised when these products are used... In view of the reports that we have discussed, the wide spectrum of activity that GSE offers (antiviral, antibacterial; Gram positive and Gram negative, antimycotic, and antiprotozoan) will undoubtedly aid in its acceptability."

[ 11-14-2015, 02:54 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ] Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WakeUp
LymeNet Contributor
Member # 9977

Icon 1 posted 09-18-2015 11:18 AM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote CAT'S CLAW (SAMENTO) Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis
Peer review literature/science--- Effective against:
Biofilm- dramatically shrinks Lyme biofilm colonies according to a study by Dr. Eva Sapi-- see charts and pictures in the link below)
LINK: http://www.townsendletter.com/July2010/sapi0710.html

In D. Klinghardt's work this product has shown consistent action against Borrelia, Bartonella, Ehrlichiosis, Rickettsia, mycoplasma and other co- infections. Herxheimer reactions are expected and may occur at any stage of the treatment (on the first day of use or after many months) and repeatedly.

Another study:
"In Vitro Effect of Peruvian Antimicrobial Agents on Borrelia burgdorferi" by
Priyanka A.S. Theophilus M.S. Postgraduate Research Fellow Advisor
Eva Sapi Ph.D.
Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516
LINK: http://www.nutramedix.ec/Nutramedix-Priyanka.pdf

A third study:
"Current nutraceuticals in the management of osteoarthritis: a review," by Nahid Akhtar and Tariq M. Haqqi
LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3400101/

"Cat's claw is a vine from the basin of the Amazon River. There are two species, U. tomentosa [Figure 1(C)] and U. guianensis [Figure 1(D)] that are traditionally used in South America for their anti-inflammatory properties. Cat's claw bark contains oxindole alkaloids (virtually absent in U. guianensis), polyphenols (flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and tannins), quinovic acid α-glycosides, pentacyclic alkaloids, and sterols [Ganzera et al. 2001]. Traditionally, the bark of cat's claw is prepared as a decoction, said to be beneficial in the treatment of arthritis, bursitis, lupus, chronic fatigue syndrome, and for stomach and intestine disorders [Foster, 1996; reviewed in Williams, 2001]. The most investigated of the active constituents in U. tomentosa extract for immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory effects are pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids [Williams, 2001]. "

[ 10-17-2015, 07:03 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ] Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
TNT
Frequent Contributor (1K+ posts)
Member # 42349

Icon 1 posted 09-18-2015 11:47 AM Profile for TNT Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote I think this thread is a great idea, WakeUp! It's interesting that some of the items already mentioned are things that helped me stay functional before I got a diagnosis. Posts: 1062 | From Eastern USA | Registered: Oct 2013 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Keebler
Honored Contributor (25K+ posts)
Member # 12673

Icon 1 posted 09-18-2015 01:29 PM Profile for Keebler Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote -
Wake up,

Good idea. Many here have trouble with eyes and can only track short paragraphs of about 3 or 4 finished lines maximum (about 5-6 in the compose mode)

(longer lists usually work up to about six or so). To add space breaks, if you would be so kind, you can click on to the tiny paper & pencil icon. This way more can read what you post as it is important. Solid text can be a sea of grey squiggles for those with nystagmus or other eye spasm issues as lyme often causes.

http://tinyurl.com/

To shorten any long URLs that take a thread "wide"
- Posts: 44283 | From Tranquil Tree House in my dreams | Registered: Jul 2007 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Keebler
Honored Contributor (25K+ posts)
Member # 12673

Icon 1 posted 09-18-2015 01:29 PM Profile for Keebler Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote -
To complement the other detail above.

When considering herbal / nutritional / adjunct methods, because lyme is so very complex & unique, as are possible coinfections:

if at all possible - because each person & each case is different - it's best to consult with an ILADS-educated LL ND (lyme literate naturopathic doctor) (or similar) who has completed four years of post-graduate medical education in the field of herbal and nutritional medicine -

- and someone who is current with ILADS' research & presentations, past and present, and has completed the ILADS Physician Training Program (see: www.ilads.org )

so they really know all they can about the science of lyme . . . how lyme (& other TBD) act and what we can do about that in various ways.

Many LL NDs incorporate antibiotics (depending upon the licensing laws in their state). Some LLMDs and LL NDs have good working relationships.

When possible, it's great to have both a LLMD and LL ND and even better when they have a long-standing professional relationship.

http://flash.lymenet.org/ubb/ultimatebb.php/topic/2/13964

How to find an ILADS-educated LL:

N.D. (Naturopathic Doctor);

L.Ac. (Acupuncturist);

D.Ay. (Doctor of Ayurvedic Medicine);

D.O.M. (Doctor of Oriental Medicine);

Herbal Safety considerations & reference books; etc.

Links to many articles and books by holistic-minded LL doctors of various degrees who all have this basic approach in common:

Understanding of the importance of addressing the infection(s) fully head-on with specific measures from all corners of medicine;

knowing which supplements have direct impact, which are only support and which are both.

You can compare and contrast many approaches with links to articles, books, methods . . .

BODY WORK methods / links (and why anyone who works on your spine MUST be LL to the degree they at least know to never suddenly twist neck or spine. Never. Ever. And that we should never be advised to do neck / head / shoulder stands.)
- Posts: 44283 | From Tranquil Tree House in my dreams | Registered: Jul 2007 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WakeUp
LymeNet Contributor
Member # 9977

Icon 1 posted 09-21-2015 03:58 PM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote

quote:Originally posted by TNT:

I think this thread is a great idea, WakeUp! It's interesting that some of the items already mentioned are things that helped me stay functional before I got a diagnosis.

Thanks so much TNT! I have had Lyme for more than two decades and I must admit that I have at times even shared my many research findings with my ILADS doctor--- who was amazed at some of the stuff he learned from the research, and actually wanted copies of the research papers I uncovered (especially the Brorsons' work).

I do believe that we in the community will help to find a cure for ourselves if we keep our eyes and ears open for promising compounds! Please feel free to add compounds (in boldface if possible) to this list if you have found any scientific evidence (including educated anecdotes) about the compound.

I hope we can get a really long list of compounds (with links/scientific citations), that can maybe be used in the future for a crowd funding effort to test the compounds in vitro. ( Im particularly excited by compounds that degrade biofilm and inhibit quorum sensing. ) Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WakeUp
LymeNet Contributor
Member # 9977

Icon 1 posted 09-21-2015 04:08 PM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote Keebler--
Thanks for your input. I would be so grateful if we could limit this thread as much as possible to a list of promising compounds with linked scientific evidence. I hope we can keep on topic now that you have stressed the need for readers to consult their physician, and you have given your editorial guidelines, tiny url etc.

Do you have any promising compounds to add to this list? Thanks Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WakeUp
LymeNet Contributor
Member # 9977

Icon 1 posted 09-21-2015 04:16 PM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote FENUGREEK (Trigonella foenum-graceum--- seed, compound Galactomannans )
Action against bacterial biofilm and quorum sensing. Also shows the ability to bind to the borrelia-like like endotoxins produced by Ecoli (ETEC) and V. cholerae by Inhibiting LT and CT binding to GM1 probably through the compound Galactomannans.

"Trigonella foenum-graceum (Seed) Extract Interferes with Quorum Sensing Regulated Traits and Biofilm Formation in the Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas hydrophila," by Fohad Mabood Husain,1,2 Iqbal Ahmad,1 Mohd Shahnawaz Khan,3 and Nasser Abdulatif Al-Shabib2

LINK: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2015/879540/

In another peer reviewed study, fenugreek reduced arthritis in rats:
"Effect of ethanol extract of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) seeds on Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats." Suresh P1, Kavitha ChN, Babu SM, Reddy VP, Latha AK.
LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22395729
SUMMARY: The animals were sacrificed, and the cartilage tissue was isolated for estimation of lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Administration with both doses of T. foenum graecum (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the paw oedema and restored body weight. ...... T. foenum graecum 400-mg/kg dose showed more prominent results compared to the 200-mg/kg dose of T. foenum graecum.

The results obtained in this study suggest that anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of T. foenum graecum may be the possible reason behind the observed anti-arthritic activity.

The ability of Fenugreek to bind toxins (see interesting chart of many plants in article:
"Antibacterial and Antidiarrheal Activities of Plant Products against Enterotoxinogenic Escherichia coli" by J. Daniel Dubreuil
LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847712/

"Inhibition of binding of the AB5-type enterotoxins LT-I and cholera toxin to ganglioside GM1 by galactose-rich dietary components." by Becker PM1, Widjaja-Greefkes HC, van Wikselaar PG.
LINK:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19919285

More on Fenugreek's ability to bind toxins:
"Inhibition of binding of the AB5-type enterotoxins LT-I and cholera toxin to ganglioside GM1 by galactose-rich dietary components," by Becker PM1, Widjaja-Greefkes HC, van Wikselaar PG.
LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19919285

[ 11-11-2015, 07:52 AM: Message edited by: WakeUp ] Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WakeUp
LymeNet Contributor
Member # 9977

Icon 1 posted 09-21-2015 04:39 PM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote BASIL, CHAPARRAL, CLOVE, CRANBERRY, OREGANO, POMEGRANATE, ROSEMARY, SAGE, SASSAFRAS, THYME and WITCH HAZEL
The above plants (5 from the Lamiaceae family) have shown anti-quorum sensing (bacterial biofilm inhibition) properties.

PEER REVIEW SCIENCE:
Quorum Sensing Inhibitory Activities of Various Folk-Medicinal Plants and the Thyme-tetracycline Effect, by
Maria M. Nagy, Georgia State University
LINK:
http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1090&context=biology_diss

Also discussed in the link above was the thyme/ tetracycline synergy, in a 2010 doctoral dissertation by Maria Nagy of Georgia State University.

The above compounds might present opportunities for further crowd funding research with respect to inhibiting borrelia biofilms, which contribute to chronic (treatment resistant) Lyme disease

[ 11-12-2015, 06:07 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ] Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WakeUp
LymeNet Contributor
Member # 9977

Icon 1 posted 09-21-2015 05:30 PM Profile for WakeUp Send New Private Message Edit/Delete Post Reply With Quote XYLITOL
Peer review studies show the common sweetener, xylitol to be effective in reducing oral bacterial biofilms. Some LLMD's are prescribing two teaspoons xilitol twice a day, in tandem with 500 mg of lactoferrin, also taken twice a day.

Effect of xylitol on an in vitro model of oral biofilm. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19178100

Chronic sinusitis is thought to often involve bacterial biofilms. This study showed significant improvement when infected sinuses were irrigated with saline plus xylitol and or a drop of baby shampoo.
Xylitol nasal irrigation in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis: A pilot study
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lary.22176/abstract
----
The above studies hint that further research could be tailored to see if xylitol could inhibit borrelia biofilms.

[ 01-13-2016, 10:35 AM: Message edited by: WakeUp ] Posts: 612 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006 | IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator