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http://www.science.gov/topicpages/u/unusual+methylobacterium+fujisawaense.html
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Nodulation of Crotalaria podocarpa DC. by Methylobacterium nodulans displays very unusual features.
PubMed
Renier, Adeline; De Faria, Sergio Miana; Jourand, Philippe; Giraud, Eric; Dreyfus, Bernard; Rapior, Sylvie; Prin, Yves
2011-06-01
Crotalaria are plants of the Fabaceae family whose nodulation characteristics have been little explored despite the recent discovery of their unexpected ability to be efficiently nodulated in symbiosis with bacteria of the genus Methylobacterium. It has been shown that methylotrophy plays a key role in this unusual symbiotic system, as it is expressed within the nodule and as non-methylotroph mutants had a depleting effect on plant growth response. Within the nodule, Methylobacterium is thus able to obtain carbon both from host plant photosynthesis and from methylotrophy. In this context, the aim of the present study was to show the histological and cytological impacts of both symbiotic and methylotrophic metabolism within Crotalaria podocarpa nodules. It was established that if Crotalaria nodules are multilobed, each lobe has the morphology of indeterminate nodules but with a different anatomy; that is, without root hair infection or infection threads. In the fixation zone, bacteroids display a spherical shape and there is no uninfected cell. Crotalaria nodulation by Methylobacterium displayed some very unusual characteristics such as starch storage within bacteroid-filled cells of the fixation zone and also the complete lysis of apical nodular tissues (where bacteria have a free-living shape and express methylotrophy). This lysis could possibly reflect the bacterial degradation of plant wall pectins through bacterial pectin methyl esterases, thus producing methanol as a substrate, allowing bacterial multiplication before release from the nodule. PMID:21422120
Methylobacterium marchantiae sp. nov., a pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium isolated from the thallus of a liverwort.
PubMed
Schauer, S; Kämpfer, P; Wellner, S; Spröer, C; Kutschera, U
2011-04-01
A pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, designated strain JT1(T), was isolated from a thallus of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L. and was analysed by using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed the strain in a clade with Methylobacterium adhaesivum AR27(T), Methylobacterium fujisawaense DSM 5686(T), Methylobacterium radiotolerans JCM 2831(T) and Methylobacterium jeotgali S2R03-9(T), with which it showed sequence similarities of 97.8, 97.7, 97.2 and 97.4?%, respectively. However, levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain JT1(T) and these and the type strains of other closely related species were lower than 70?%. Cells of JT1(T) stained Gram-negative and were motile, rod-shaped and characterized by numerous fimbriae-like appendages on the outer surface of their wall (density up to 200 µm(-2)). Major fatty acids were C(18?:?1)?7c and C(16?:?0). Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical data presented, strain JT1(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium marchantiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JT1(T) (?=?DSM 21328(T) ?=?CCUG 56108(T)). PMID:20495043
Stress Tolerance of Methylobacterium Biofilms in Bathrooms
PubMed Central
Yano, Takehisa; Kubota, Hiromi; Hanai, Junya; Hitomi, Jun; Tokuda, Hajime
2013-01-01
A comprehensive survey of microbial flora within pink biofilms in bathrooms was performed. Pink biofilms develop relatively rapidly in bathrooms, can be difficult to remove, and are quick to recur. Bacterium-sized cells were found to be predominant in 42 pink biofilms in Japan using a scanning electron microscope. Methylobacterium strains were detected from all samples in bathrooms by an isolation method. To explain this predominance, 14 biofilm samples were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Methylobacterium was indicated to be the major genus in all biofilms. The isolated Methylobacterium survived after contact with 1.0% cleaning agents, including benzalkonium chloride for 24 h. Their tolerance did not differ under biofilm-like conditions on fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), a general material of bath tubs, floors, and walls. Also, the strains exhibited higher tolerance to desiccation than other isolated species on FRP. Some Methylobacterium survived and exhibited potential to grow after four weeks of desiccation without any nutrients. These specific characteristics could be a cause of their predominance in bathrooms, an environment with rapid flowing water, drying, low nutrients, and occasional exposure to cleaning agents. PMID:23207727
Methylobacterium haplocladii sp. nov. and Methylobacterium brachythecii sp. nov., isolated from bryophytes.
PubMed
Tani, Akio; Sahin, Nurettin
2013-09-01
Pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacteria, strains 87e(T) and 99b(T), were isolated from the bryophytes Haplocladium microphyllum and Brachythecium plumosum, respectively. The cells of both strains were Gram-reaction-negative, motile, non-spore-forming rods. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strains 87e(T) and 99b(T) were found to be related to Methylobacterium organophilum ATCC 27886(T) (97.1% and 97.7%, respectively). Strains 87e(T) and 99b(T) showed highest 16S rRNA gene similarity to Methylobacterium gnaphalii 23e(T) (98.3 and 99.0%, respectively). The phylogenetic similarities to all other species of the genus Methylobacterium with validly published names were less than 97%. Major cellular fatty acids of both strains were C(18:1)?7c and C(18:0). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization, phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and cpn60 gene sequences, fatty acid profiles, whole-cell matrix-assisted, laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analysis, and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strains 87e(T) and 99b(T) from their phylogenetically closest relatives. We propose that strains 87e(T) and 99b(T) represent novel species within the genus Methylobacterium, for which the names Methylobacterium haplocladii sp. nov. (type strain 87e(T)?=DSM 24195(T)?=NBRC 107714(T)) and Methylobacterium brachythecii sp. nov. (type strain 99b(T)?=DSM 24105(T)?=NBRC 107710(T)) are proposed. PMID:23475343
Specific plant induced biofilm formation in Methylobacterium species
PubMed Central
Rossetto, Priscilla B.; Dourado, Manuella N.; Quecine, Maria C.; Andreote, Fernando D.; Araújo, Welington L.; Azevedo, João L.; Pizzirani-Kleiner, Aline A.
2011-01-01
Two endophytic strains of Methylobacterium spp. were used to evaluate biofilm formation on sugarcane roots and on inert wooden sticks. Results show that biofilm formation is variable and that plant surface and possibly root exudates have a role in Methylobacterium spp. host recognition, biofilm formation and successful colonization as endophytes. PMID:24031703
Methylobacterium oxalidis sp. nov., isolated from leaves of Oxalis corniculata.
PubMed
Tani, Akio; Sahin, Nurettin; Kimbara, Kazuhide
2012-07-01
A pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, strain 35a(T), was isolated from the leaves of Oxalis corniculata. Cells of strain 35a(T) were Gram-reaction-negative, motile, non-spore-forming rods. The highest 16S rRNA gene pairwise sequence similarities for strain 35a(T) were found with the strains of Methylobacterium iners 5317S-33(T) (96.7%), 'Methylobacterium soli' YIM 48816 (96.6%) and Methylobacterium jeotgali S2R03-9(T) (96.3%). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with the type strains of all other recognized species of the genus Methylobacterium were below 96%. Major cellular fatty acids were C(18:1)?7c, C(18:0) and C(16:0). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, analysis of cpn60 gene sequences, fatty acid profiles, whole-cell MALDI-TOF/MS spectral pattern analysis, and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 35a(T) from its nearest phylogenetic neighbours. Strain 35a(T) is therefore considered to represent a novel species within the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium oxalidis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 35a(T) (=DSM 24028(T)=NBRC 107715(T)). PMID:21908681
Complete Genome Sequence of Methylobacterium aquaticum Strain 22A, Isolated from Racomitrium japonicum Moss.
PubMed
Tani, Akio; Ogura, Yoshitoshi; Hayashi, Tetsuya; Kimbara, Kazuhide
2015-01-01
Methylobacterium species colonize plant surfaces and utilize methanol emitted from plants. Methylobacterium aquaticum strain 22A was isolated from a hydroponic culture of a moss, Racomitrium japonicum, and is a potent plant growth promoter. The complete genome sequencing of the strain confirmed the presence of genes related to plant growth promotion and methylotrophy. PMID:25858842
Complete Genome Sequence of Methylobacterium aquaticum Strain 22A, Isolated from Racomitrium japonicum Moss
PubMed Central
Ogura, Yoshitoshi; Hayashi, Tetsuya; Kimbara, Kazuhide
2015-01-01
Methylobacterium species colonize plant surfaces and utilize methanol emitted from plants. Methylobacterium aquaticum strain 22A was isolated from a hydroponic culture of a moss, Racomitrium japonicum, and is a potent plant growth promoter. The complete genome sequencing of the strain confirmed the presence of genes related to plant growth promotion and methylotrophy. PMID:25858842
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminases from Methylobacterium radiotolerans and Methylobacterium nodulans with higher specificity for ACC.
PubMed
Fedorov, Dmitry N; Ekimova, Galina A; Doronina, Nina V; Trotsenko, Yuri A
2013-06-01
The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminases (EC 3.4.99.7), the key enzymes of degradation of the precursor of the phytohormone ethylene, have not been well studied despite their great importance for plant-bacterial interactions. Using blast, the open reading frames encoding ACC deaminases were found in the genomes of epiphytic methylotroph Methylobacterium radiotolerans JCM2831 and nodule-forming endosymbiont Methylobacterium nodulans ORS2060. These genes were named acdS and cloned; recombinant proteins were expressed and purified from Escherichia coli. The enzyme from M. nodulans displayed the highest substrate specificity among all of the characterized ACC deaminases (Km 0.80 ± 0.04 mM), whereas the enzyme from M. radiotolerans had Km 1.8 ± 0.3 mM. The kcat values were 111.8 ± 0.2 and 65.8 ± 2.8 min(-1) for the enzymes of M. nodulans and M. radiotolerans, respectively. Both enzymes are homotetramers with a molecular mass of 144 kDa, as was demonstrated by size exclusion chromatography and native PAGE. The purified enzymes displayed the maximum activity at 45-50 °C and pH 8.0. Thus, the priority data have been obtained, extending the knowledge of biochemical properties of bacterial ACC deaminases. PMID:23517598
Genome Sequence of Methylobacterium sp. Strain GXF4, a Xylem-Associated Bacterium Isolated from Vitis vinifera L. Grapevine
PubMed Central
Gan, Han Ming; Chew, Teong Han; Hudson, André O.
2012-01-01
Methylobacterium sp. strain GXF4 is an isolate from grapevine. Here we present the sequence, assembly, and annotation of its genome, which may shed light on its role as a grapevine xylem inhabitant. To our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a plant xylem-associated strain of the genus Methylobacterium. PMID:22933776
Phenotypic and genetic diversity of chlorine-resistant Methylobacterium strains isolated from various environments.
PubMed Central
Hiraishi, A; Furuhata, K; Matsumoto, A; Koike, K A; Fukuyama, M; Tabuchi, K
1995-01-01
Strains of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs which were isolated previously from various environments and assigned tentatively to the genus Methylobacterium were characterized in comparison with authentic strains of previously known species of this genus. Most of the isolates derived from chlorinated water supplies exhibited resistance to chlorine, whereas 29 to 40% of the isolates from air, natural aquatic environments, and clinical materials were chlorine resistant. None of the tested authentic strains of Methylobacterium species obtained from culture collections exhibited chlorine resistance. Numerical analysis of phenotypic profiles showed that the test organisms tested were separated from each other except M. organophilum and M. rhodesianum. The chlorine-resistant isolates were randomly distributed among all clusters. The 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence-based phylogenetic analyses showed that representatives of the isolates together with known Methylobacterium species formed a line of descent distinct from that of members of related genera in the alpha-2 subclass of the Proteobacteria and were divided into three subclusters within the Methylobacterium group. These results demonstrate that there is phenotypic and genetic diversity among chlorine-resistant Methylobacterium strains within the genus. PMID:7793931
Methylotrophic Methylobacterium Bacteria Nodulate and Fix Nitrogen in Symbiosis with Legumes
PubMed Central
Sy, Abdoulaye; Giraud, Eric; Jourand, Philippe; Garcia, Nelly; Willems, Anne; de Lajudie, Philippe; Prin, Yves; Neyra, Marc; Gillis, Monique; Boivin-Masson, Catherine; Dreyfus, Bernard
2001-01-01
Rhizobia described so far belong to three distinct phylogenetic branches within the ?-2 subclass of Proteobacteria. Here we report the discovery of a fourth rhizobial branch involving bacteria of the Methylobacterium genus. Rhizobia isolated from Crotalaria legumes were assigned to a new species, “Methylobacterium nodulans,” within the Methylobacterium genus on the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA analyses. We demonstrated that these rhizobia facultatively grow on methanol, which is a characteristic of Methylobacterium spp. but a unique feature among rhizobia. Genes encoding two key enzymes of methylotrophy and nodulation, the mxaF gene, encoding the ? subunit of the methanol dehydrogenase, and the nodA gene, encoding an acyltransferase involved in Nod factor biosynthesis, were sequenced for the type strain, ORS2060. Plant tests and nodA amplification assays showed that “M. nodulans” is the only nodulating Methylobacterium sp. identified so far. Phylogenetic sequence analysis showed that “M. nodulans” NodA is closely related to Bradyrhizobium NodA, suggesting that this gene was acquired by horizontal gene transfer. PMID:11114919
Cultivation-Independent Characterization of Methylobacterium Populations in the Plant Phyllosphere by Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis? †
PubMed Central
Knief, Claudia; Frances, Lisa; Cantet, Franck; Vorholt, Julia A.
2008-01-01
Bacteria of the genus Methylobacterium are widespread in the environment, but their ecological role in ecosystems, such as the plant phyllosphere, is not very well understood. To gain better insight into the distribution of different Methylobacterium species in diverse ecosystems, a rapid and specific cultivation-independent method for detection of these organisms and analysis of their community structure is needed. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene-targeted primers specific for this genus were designed and evaluated. These primers were used in PCR in combination with a reverse primer that binds to the tRNAAla gene, which is located upstream of the 23S rRNA gene in the 16S-23S intergenic spacer (IGS). PCR products that were of different lengths were obtained due to the length heterogeneity of the IGS of different Methylobacterium species. This length variation allowed generation of fingerprints of Methylobacterium communities in environmental samples by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. The Methylobacterium communities on leaves of different plant species in a natural field were compared using this method. The new method allows rapid comparisons of Methylobacterium communities and is thus a useful tool to study Methylobacterium communities in different ecosystems. PMID:18263752
The rare occurrence of plant tissue culture contamination by Methylobacterium mesophilicum
Microsoft Academic Search
Jack M. Widholm; W. Gregory
1996-01-01
A pink-pigmented, facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) bacterium, Methylobacterium mesophilicum, which is found on the leaf surface of most plants, has been reported to be a covert contaminant of tissue cultures initiated from Glycine max (soybean) leaves and seeds by Holland and Polacco (1992). The bacteria can be detected as pink colonies when leaves are pressed or tissue culture homogenates are plated
Methylotrophic Methylobacterium Bacteria Nodulate and Fix Nitrogen in Symbiosis with Legumes
Microsoft Academic Search
ABDOULAYE SY; ERIC GIRAUD; PHILIPPE JOURAND; NELLY GARCIA; ANNE WILLEMS; PHILIPPE DE LAJUDIE; YVES PRIN; MARC NEYRA; MONIQUE GILLIS; CATHERINE BOIVIN-MASSON; BERNARD DREYFUS
2001-01-01
Rhizobia described so far belong to three distinct phylogenetic branches within the a-2 subclass of Proteo- bacteria. Here we report the discovery of a fourth rhizobial branch involving bacteria of the Methylobacterium genus. Rhizobia isolated from Crotalaria legumes were assigned to a new species, \\
Draft Genome Sequence of Methylobacterium mesophilicum Strain SR1.6/6, Isolated from Citrus sinensis
PubMed Central
Marinho Almeida, Diogo; Dini-Andreote, Francisco; Camargo Neves, Aline Aparecida; Jucá Ramos, Rommel Thiago; Andreote, Fernando Dini; Carneiro, Adriana Ribeiro; Oliveira de Souza Lima, André; Caracciolo Gomes de Sá, Pablo Henrique; Ribeiro Barbosa, Maria Silvanira
2013-01-01
Methylobacterium mesophilicum strain SR1.6/6 is an endophytic bacterium isolated from a surface-sterilized Citrus sinensis branch. Ecological and biotechnological aspects of this bacterium, such as the genes involved in its association with the host plant and the primary oxidation of methanol, were annotated in the draft genome. PMID:23788544
Methylobacterium-induced endophyte community changes correspond with protection of plants against pathogen attack.
PubMed
Ardanov, Pavlo; Sessitsch, Angela; Häggman, Hely; Kozyrovska, Natalia; Pirttilä, Anna Maria
2012-01-01
Plant inoculation with endophytic bacteria that normally live inside the plant without harming the host is a highly promising approach for biological disease control. The mechanism of resistance induction by beneficial bacteria is poorly understood, because pathways are only partly known and systemic responses are typically not seen. The innate endophytic community structures change in response to external factors such as inoculation, and bacterial endophytes can exhibit direct or indirect antagonism towards pathogens. Earlier we showed that resistance induction by an endophytic Methylobacterium sp. in potato towards Pectobacterium atrosepticum was dependent on the density of the inoculum, whereas the bacterium itself had no antagonistic activity. To elucidate the role of innate endophyte communities in plant responses, we studied community changes in both in vitro and greenhouse experiments using various combinations of plants, endophyte inoculants, and pathogens. Induction of resistance was studied in several potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars by Methylobacterium sp. IMBG290 against the pathogens P. atrosepticum, Phytophthora infestans and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and in pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) by M. extorquens DSM13060 against Gremmeniella abietina. The capacities of the inoculated endophytic Methylobacterium spp. strains to induce resistance were dependent on the plant cultivar, pathogen, and on the density of Methylobacterium spp. inoculum. Composition of the endophyte community changed in response to inoculation in shoot tissues and correlated with resistance or susceptibility to the disease. Our results demonstrate that endophytic Methylobacterium spp. strains have varying effects on plant disease resistance, which can be modulated through the endophyte community of the host. PMID:23056459
Methylobacterium Genome Sequences: A Reference Blueprint to Investigate Microbial Metabolism of C1 Compounds from Natural and Industrial Sources
Microsoft Academic Search
Stéphane Vuilleumier; Ludmila Chistoserdova; Ming-Chun Lee; Françoise Bringel; Aurélie Lajus; Yang Zhou; Benjamin Gourion; Valérie Barbe; Jean Chang; Stéphane Cruveiller; Carole Dossat; Will Gillett; Christelle Gruffaz; Eric Haugen; Edith Hourcade; Ruth Levy; Sophie Mangenot; Emilie Muller; Thierry Nadalig; Marco Pagni; Christian Penny; Rémi Peyraud; David G. Robinson; David Roche; Zoé Rouy; Channakhone Saenampechek; Grégory Salvignol; David Vallenet; Zaining Wu; Christopher J. Marx; Julia A. Vorholt; Maynard V. Olson; Rajinder Kaul; Jean Weissenbach; Claudine Médigue; Mary E. Lidstrom
2009-01-01
Background: Methylotrophy describes the ability of organisms to grow on reduced organic compounds without carbon- carbon bonds. The genomes of two pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria of the Alpha-proteobacterial genus Methylobacterium, the reference species Methylobacterium extorquens strain AM1 and the dichloromethane-degrading strain DM4, were compared. Methodology\\/Principal Findings: The 6.88 Mb genome of strain AM1 comprises a 5.51 Mb chromosome, a 1.26
Genome sequence of the dark pink pigmented Listia bainesii microsymbiont Methylobacterium sp. WSM2598
PubMed Central
2014-01-01
Strains of a pink-pigmented Methylobacterium sp. are effective nitrogen- (N2) fixing microsymbionts of species of the African crotalarioid genus Listia. Strain WSM2598 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod isolated in 2002 from a Listia bainesii root nodule collected at Estcourt Research Station in South Africa. Here we describe the features of Methylobacterium sp. WSM2598, together with information and annotation of a high-quality draft genome sequence. The 7,669,765 bp draft genome is arranged in 5 scaffolds of 83 contigs, contains 7,236 protein-coding genes and 18 RNA-only encoding genes. This rhizobial genome is one of 100 sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 G enomic E ncyclopedia for B acteria and A rchaea- R oot N odule B acteria (GEBA-RNB) project. PMID:25780498
Phylogeny Poorly Predicts the Utility of a Challenging Horizontally Transferred Gene in Methylobacterium Strains
PubMed Central
Michener, Joshua K.; Vuilleumier, Stéphane; Bringel, Françoise
2014-01-01
Horizontal gene transfer plays a crucial role in microbial evolution. While much is known about the mechanisms that determine whether physical DNA can be transferred into a new host, the factors determining the utility of the transferred genes are less clear. We have explored this issue using dichloromethane consumption in Methylobacterium strains. Methylobacterium extorquens DM4 expresses a dichloromethane dehalogenase (DcmA) that has been acquired through horizontal gene transfer and allows the strain to grow on dichloromethane as the sole carbon and energy source. We transferred the dcmA gene into six Methylobacterium strains that include both close and distant evolutionary relatives. The transconjugants varied in their ability to grow on dichloromethane, but their fitness on dichloromethane did not correlate with the phylogeny of the parental strains or with any single tested physiological factor. This work highlights an important limiting factor in horizontal gene transfer, namely, the capacity of the recipient strain to accommodate the stress and metabolic disruption resulting from the acquisition of a new enzyme or pathway. Understanding these limitations may help to rationalize historical examples of horizontal transfer and aid deliberate genetic transfers in biotechnology for metabolic engineering. PMID:24682326
