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Scientists have revealed an unexpected candidate for the title of the world's second smartest creature - the raven.
In the latest issue of Scientific American, Bernd Heinrich and Thomas Bugnyar - scientists based at Vermont University in Canada and St Andrews University in Scotland, respectively - reveal a series of experiments that provides startling backing for the idea that ravens are the brainboxes of the natural world. 'These birds use logic to solve problems and some of their abilities even surpass those of the great apes,' they say.
Heinrich, because The Opposing “dumb” Theory, cautioned against stating unequivocally that the raven is the cleverest animal on Earth after humans.
And since he is influenced by Descartes, he writes:
Many animals, birds and insects are capable of carrying out complex actions: nest-building, for example. However, such creatures are programmed genetically to undertake the different steps involved in such behaviour. Little intelligence is involved.
By contrast, ravens have demonstrated that they can work out complex sets of actions, involving no tests or trial and error. This implies that they use logic. 'The birds acted as if they knew what they were doing,' the two researchers say in Scientific American. 'Ravens have the ability to test actions in their minds. That capacity is probably lacking, or present only to a limited extent, in most animals.'
And finally he displays his complete ignorance that numerous species are basically Mozarts when they come out of the womb when he goes on to write:
Scientists such as Heinrich and Bugnyar believe that ravens evolved their surprisingly high intelligence because of their complex social lives and scavenging lifestyles.
Finally he acknowledges the obvious;
"There are different types of intelligence. I am good at biology but hopeless using computers, for example. Nevertheless, it is now clear the raven is one of the very smartest creatures we know about."
The difference between Ravens, Dolphins and Wolves: No one is shooting Ravens from helicopters.
Our last president Bush wasn’t “stupid” if his goal was Ecocide.
All too often we see the result of failed public policies, government actions and inactions, and conclude the leadership is inept, arrogant or just “stupid.”
At the G8 summit, George W. Bush said, "Goodbye, from the (then) world's biggest polluter.”
He proposed drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Reserve, which would trash America’s last arctic wilderness. Sonar testing is about torturing whales and dolphins, and the border fence that keeps everything out but the illegals is disrupting an extraordinary source of biological diversity along a 2,000-mile-long region that includes deserts, mangrove forests, plains, mountains, river valleys and wetlands.
